Treatment of cancer of head and neck

● Laryngeal cancer
Laryngeal cancer is a severe disease. We’ll consider possible places of tumor localization at laryngeal cancer. At the cancer tumor localization in the laryngeal vestibule the disease proceeds aggressively and spreads quickly on surrounding organs and is characterized by increased metastasing to neck lymph nodes because of the well-developed lymphatic system of laryngeal vestibule.

At cancer of middle larynx a tumor gives rarely metastases because of little presence of lymphatic vessels in this area. The tumor localization in middle larynx gives a more favourable prognosis for curing this disease. Cancer of subglottic larynx is met rarely, it is characterized by stability to ionizing radiation. For the diagnostics of laryngeal cancer indirect laryngoscopy, fibrolaryngoscopy, biopsy with the subsequent morphological investigation, computer tomography and magnetic resonance imaging are used. The treatment of laryngeal cancer depends on the tumor localization and disease stage. The surgical method, radiotherapy and chemotherapy are mainly used.

● Pharyngeal cancer
The danger of pharyngeal cancer consists in early metastasing of cancerous tumor to nearby tissues and to distant organs. For establishing the diagnosis and stage of pharyngeal cancer biopsy, roentgenography of head and thoracic cage, computer tomography and magnetic resonance imaging, ultrasonic examination are used. The treatment of pharyngeal cancer is conducted by radiotherapy, chemotherapy and surgical intervention, as well as by the combination of these methods is conducted.

● Cancer of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses
The main morphological forms of cancer of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses are divided into epidermoid squamous carcinoma and epidermoid non-squamous carcinoma. The diagnostics of nose and paranasal sinuses is conducted by rhinoscopy, biopsy with the subsequent morphological investigation, roentgenography of head and thoracic cage, computer and magnetic resonance tomography. The combined treatment is conducted mainly and consists in the surgical oncotomy with the subsequent use of radiotherapy. If a tumor has given metastases, then chemotherapy is conducted additionally.